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Ecology of Upwelling in the Galápagos Marine Reserve

Beth Jewell, ARMADA Master Teacher
Michelle Hale, ARMADA Mentee

Web Resources
  • Brown University- Jon Witman
    Large-Scale Forces Shape Local Ocean Life, Global Study Shows
    http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/2004-05/04-043.html
    A published study of sea life in the shallow waters of the Galapagos completed by a research team led by a Brown University marine ecologist, Jon Witman found that the richness of species diversity in a small patch of ocean is powerfully shaped by far-away forces. After photographing and cataloging nearly 3,000 species of sponges, corals and other shallow water invertebrates, their key finding is that large-scale forces play a pivotal role in local species diversity.
  • Caribbean Journal of Science
    http://caribjsci.org/
    The CJS publishes articles, research notes, and book reviews pertinent to the Caribbean region. The emphasis is on botany, zoology, ecology, conservation biology and management, geology, archeology, and paleontology.
  • Charles Darwin Foundation
    http://www.darwinfoundation.org/en/galapagos/marine
    This site describes how the combination of currents and the wide range of landscapes in the Galapagos Islands provide for the unique ecosystems found there. Links to both marine and land ecosystems are also included.
  • Chesapeake Bay Program
    http://www.chesapeakebay.net
    The site describes the incredibly complex ecosystem that includes important habitats and food webs. The Bay and its rivers, wetlands and forests provide homes, food and protection for complex groups of animals and plants. Fish of all types and sizes either live in the Bay and its tributaries or use its waters as they migrate along the East Coast.
  • Environmental Protection Agency- Exploring Estuaries
    http://www.epa.gov/owow/estuaries/kids/
    Defines estuaries and related habitats, reviews their roles in coastal ecology and in supporting human activities. Virtual tours provide history and introduce ecology of representative plans and animals. Presents current threats to estuaries and their wildlife and explains the role of EPA's National Estuary Program in protecting these important coastal resources.
  • Galapagos Conservancy
    http://www.galapagos.org/conservation/managingGMR.html
    To help preserve the Galapagos Marine Reserve, the conservancy provides funding for research, policy, and management issues. Lesson plans provided by National Geographic are included. The photo gallery is comprised of winning images used on past conservancy calendars and are stunning.
  • Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)- Ocean Surface Topography from Space
    http://topex-www.jpl.nasa.gov/elnino/
    Press releases summarize causes, progression and impacts of El Nino/La Nina and other atmospheric patterns in the Pacific, and describe research and satellite technology used to detect and track these phenomena. Satellite images illustrate Pacific Ocean surface temperatures. Full stories available with streaming audio and downloadable files.
  • National Marine Sanctuaries- Historical Ecological Projects
    http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/science/historical_ecology/
    Historical ecological projects from Stellwagon Banks NMS, the Florida Keys Coral Reef EcoRegion, and the Monterey NMS are used to provide information about marine ecosystems in the past and help us to manage fragile resources in the future. This data helps to paint a picture of what these areas were like before the impact of technology.
  • NOAA- El Nino Theme Page
    http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/elnino/nino-home.html
    El Nino is a disruption of the ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific with important climatic consequences around the globe. This NOAA theme page features links to widely distributed information. Includes data, graphics, forecasts, historical perspectives, and in-depth analysis. It is intended to be useful to scientists, administrators, students and the general public. Links include sites in four foreign languages.
  • NOAA- Seagrass Monitoring in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
    http://serc.fiu.edu/seagrass/ExecutiveSummary05.htm
    NOAA's 2005 report of seagrass monitoring in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS). The status and trends of seagrass communities were measured to evaluate progress toward protecting and restoring the living marine resources of the Sanctuary.
  • NOVA- Tracking El Nino
    http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/elnino/
    Next to the seasons, El Nino is the most powerful force driving global weather. Find out what scientists are learning about this phenomenon and its reach through space and time. Site features: Anatomy of El Nino, Chasing El Nino (webpage on the original broadcast of October 13, 1998, including teacher's guide), El Nino's Reach, collection of 1998 dispatches, and links to external sites.
  • Virginia Institute of Marine Science- Molluscan Ecology Program
    http://www.vims.edu/mollusc/research/meoyreefres.htm
    This site describes the Molluscan Ecology research program at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS). Research projects investigate cephalopods, coastal habitats, hard clams, oysters, and rapa whelks. Background information is given regarding the history of the research, including management efforts and associated publications.